Michael Faraday (1791–1867) 🧲⚡

🔍 Electromagnetic Induction (1831):
Faraday discovered that a changing magnetic field could induce an electric current in a conductor. This principle became the basis for generators and transformers, powering the modern world.

🧪 Faraday’s Laws of Electrolysis:
He established the quantitative relationship between electricity and chemical reactions, revolutionizing electrochemistry.

🌐 Electric and Magnetic Fields:
Faraday introduced the concept of fields, arguing that electric and magnetic fields are physical entities. This idea was later expanded by Maxwell.

Legacy: The farad, the unit of capacitance, is named after him.

Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) ⚡🌩️

🪁 Kite Experiment (1752):
Franklin famously flew a kite during a thunderstorm, proving that lightning is electricity. This led to the invention of the lightning rod, saving countless lives and buildings.

⚖️ Charge Theory:
He introduced the concepts of positive and negative charges and the principle of charge conservation, forming the foundation of electrical science.

Legacy: Franklin’s work made electricity a subject of serious scientific study.

André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836) 🔋🧲

📐 Ampère’s Law (1820):
Ampère discovered that an electric current generates a magnetic field and formulated the mathematical relationship between them.

📏 Unit of Current:
His work led to the definition of the ampere, the unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI).

Legacy: Ampère’s contributions are essential to electrodynamics and circuit theory.

Georg Simon Ohm (1789–1854) ⚡📊

🔌 Ohm’s Law (1827):
Ohm discovered that current (I) is directly proportional to voltage (V) and inversely proportional to resistance ®, expressed as V = IR.

📏 Unit of Resistance:
The ohm, the unit of electrical resistance, is named after him.

Legacy: Ohm’s Law is a cornerstone of electrical engineering and circuit analysis.

James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) 🌐📡

📜 Maxwell’s Equations (1860s):
Maxwell unified electricity and magnetism into electromagnetism, describing their behavior through four elegant equations.

🌊 Prediction of Electromagnetic Waves:
He theorized that light is an electromagnetic wave, a prediction later confirmed by Hertz.

Legacy: Maxwell’s work paved the way for radio, TV, and modern communication.

Nikola Tesla (1856–1943) ⚡🌀

🔌 AC System:
Tesla developed alternating current (AC) generators, transformers, and motors, enabling efficient long-distance power transmission.

⚡ Tesla Coil:
He invented the Tesla coil, a device that generates high-voltage, high-frequency currents, essential for radio technology.

📡 Wireless Power Transmission:
Tesla envisioned wireless energy transfer, a concept that inspired modern wireless communication.

Legacy: The tesla, the unit of magnetic flux density, honors his contributions.

Thomas Edison (1847–1931) 💡⚡

💡 Light Bulb (1879):
Edison invented the practical incandescent light bulb, bringing electric lighting into homes worldwide.

🔋 DC System:
He promoted direct current (DC) for electrical distribution, though it was later replaced by AC.

Legacy: Edison’s work laid the foundation for the electrification of society.

Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) 📡⚡

📡 Electromagnetic Wave Experiment (1887):
Hertz experimentally proved the existence of electromagnetic waves, confirming Maxwell’s theory.

📻 Radio Waves:
His research paved the way for radio communication.

Legacy: The hertz, the unit of frequency, is named after him.